VMware(Vsphere配置共享存储)

# cd /vmfs/volumes/49f5c866-a25fe688-2bff-003048c37402/

# mkdir sharedisk

# cd sharedisk

创建共享磁盘。
（例：vmkfstools -c 10000m -d  eagerzeroedthick -a lsilogic /vmfs/volumes/datastore1/data.vmdk）
（例：vmkfstools -c 1024m -d  eagerzeroedthick -a lsilogic /vmfs/volumes/datastore1/quorum.vmdk）
（例：vmkfstools -c 1024m -d  eagerzeroedthick -a lsilogic /vmfs/volumes/datastore1/msdtc.vmdk

ORA-01017: invalid username/password - While Starting Instance using srvctl

If you face ORA-01017, following could be the reasons of this error.

• Username has been specified wrongly – check the username.
• Password has been specified wrongly – check the password.
• If you see this error while logging in as user SYS, check if password file exists. If not, re-create the password file or enable OS authentication.
• If you are using srvctl to start an instance/database in a RAC or non-RAC environment, and you face ORA-01017, it would mean that OS authentication is not properly set in your environment. Once I faced this message on my Linux based 11.2.0.4 RAC and the reason of this error was: because parameter SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES was set to NTS (even value “NTS” is wrong for Linux environment) in the SQLNET.ORA file of GRID home. I removed this parameter and then restarting of CRS resolved this issue. If this parameter has a value of “none” you may face same issue. So, just remove this parameter and restart CRS

ORA-65139 Mismatch between XML metadata file and data file

While converting a non-CDB database to a PDB database, sometimes I was able to this, but sometimes I was facing the following error.

################################

SQL> create  pluggable database pdb2 using '/u01/oracle/noncdb.xml';

create  pluggable database pdb2 using '/u01/oracle/noncdb.xml'

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-65139: Mismatch between XML metadata file and data file

+DATA/NONCDB/DATAFILE/system.279.868463067 for value of fcpsb (1618349 in the

plug XML file, 1619859 in the data file) 

################################

After a long of investigation, I realized that I need to strictly follow the proper steps to convert a non-CDB database to a PDB database. Steps are as follows

1. Shutdown non-cdb database
2. Startup non-cdb in read-only mode
3. Execute DBMS_PDB.DESCRIBE to describe the non-cdb database in .xml file
4. Connect to CDB and create PDB out using xml file created above
5. Execute noncdb_to_pdb.sql script

The reason of facing this error is either or both of the following mistakes

1. If you don’t start non-CDB database in read-only mode while describing it in the xml file, you will face this error; while creating the PDB using this xml file.
2. After you described the non-CDB database in the xml file, you SHOULD NOT open the non-CDB database until you are finished executing your “CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE” command using this xml file, to create your PDB.

If you have made either or both of the above mistakes, you should perform all the steps again following correct sequence

DUPLICATE Database using Backup of a Database

If you want to create a duplicate database from a live/active database, you can use this article. But if you want to DUPLICATE a database using backup of another database, you can use following steps. I am creating new database with a different name using DUPLICATE command, or you may want to retain same name for the database while duplicating.

Source database name is TEST with all files under +DATA/TEST directory.
Destination database name is TESTT, and to have all files under +DATA/TESTT directory.

On a new server where you want to duplicate the database, create inittestt.ora file under $ORACLE_HOME/dbs directory. You can copy and then modify parameter file of TEST database to create pfile for TESTT. For this example, I copied backup of TEST database under /u02/backup directory and this backup will be used to build TESTT database.

Add following lines in inittestt.ora file 

Db_file_name_convert=’+DATA/TEST/’,’+DATA/TESTT’ Log_file_name_convert= ‘+RECO/TEST’,’+RECO/TESTT’ Control_files=’+DATA/TESTT/control01.ctl’,’+DATA/TESTT/control02.ctl’

Start TESTT in nomount mode

$export ORACLE_SID=testt SQL> startup nomount

Connect to RMAN and do duplicate using backup of TEST

rman auxiliary / RMAN> duplicate database to testt backup location '/u02/backup/'; Starting Duplicate Db at 26-AUG-16 contents of Memory Script: {    sql clone "create spfile from memory"; } executing Memory Script sql statement: create spfile from memory contents of Memory Script: {    shutdown clone immediate;    startup clone nomount; } executing Memory Script Oracle instance shut down connected to auxiliary database (not started) Oracle instance started Total System Global Area    1937457152 bytes Fixed Size                     2254464 bytes Variable Size                536873344 bytes Database Buffers            1392508928 bytes Redo Buffers                   5820416 bytes contents of Memory Script: {    sql clone "alter system set  db_name =   ''TEST'' comment=  ''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile";    sql clone "alter system set  db_unique_name =   ''TESTT'' comment=  ''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile";    shutdown clone immediate;    startup clone force nomount    restore clone primary controlfile from  '/u02/backup/control.bak';    alter clone database mount; } executing Memory Script sql statement: alter system set  db_name =  ''TEST'' comment= ''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile sql statement: alter system set  db_unique_name =  ''TESTT'' comment= ''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile Oracle instance shut down Oracle instance started Total System Global Area    1937457152 bytes Fixed Size                     2254464 bytes Variable Size                536873344 bytes Database Buffers            1392508928 bytes Redo Buffers                   5820416 bytes Starting restore at 26-AUG-16 allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=23 device type=DISK channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03 output file name=+DATA/testt/control01.ctl output file name=+DATA/testt/control02.ctl Finished restore at 26-AUG-16 database mounted released channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=23 device type=DISK contents of Memory Script: {    set until scn  932969;    set newname for datafile  1 to   "+DATA/testt/system01.dbf";    set newname for datafile  2 to   "+DATA/testt/sysaux01.dbf";    set newname for datafile  3 to   "+DATA/testt/undotbs01.dbf";    set newname for datafile  4 to   "+DATA/testt/users01.dbf";    restore    clone database    ; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET until clause executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME Starting restore at 26-AUG-16 using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to +DATA/testt/system01.dbf channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to +DATA/testt/sysaux01.dbf channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to +DATA/testt/undotbs01.dbf channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to +DATA/testt/users01.dbf channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u02/backup/test_04re259h_1_1.bak channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u02/backup/test_04re259h_1_1.bak tag=TAG20160824T114448 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15 Finished restore at 26-AUG-16 contents of Memory Script: {    switch clone datafile all; } executing Memory Script datafile 1 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=920891413 file name=+DATA/testt/system01.dbf datafile 2 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=920891413 file name=+DATA/testt/sysaux01.dbf datafile 3 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=920891413 file name=+DATA/testt/undotbs01.dbf datafile 4 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=920891413 file name=+DATA/testt/users01.dbf contents of Memory Script: {    set until scn  932969;    recover    clone database     delete archivelog    ; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET until clause Starting recover at 26-AUG-16 using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1 starting media recovery channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log archived log thread=1 sequence=9 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u02/backup/test_06re25a2_1_1.bak channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u02/backup/test_06re25a2_1_1.bak tag=TAG20160824T114506 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/arch1_9_920718405.dbf thread=1 sequence=9 channel clone_default: deleting archived log(s) archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/arch1_9_920718405.dbf RECID=1 STAMP=920891413 media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00 Finished recover at 26-AUG-16 Oracle instance started Total System Global Area    1937457152 bytes Fixed Size                     2254464 bytes Variable Size                536873344 bytes Database Buffers            1392508928 bytes Redo Buffers                   5820416 bytes contents of Memory Script: {    sql clone "alter system set  db_name =   ''TESTT'' comment=  ''Reset to original value by RMAN'' scope=spfile";    sql clone "alter system reset  db_unique_name scope=spfile";    shutdown clone immediate;    startup clone nomount; } executing Memory Script sql statement: alter system set  db_name =  ''TESTT'' comment= ''Reset to original value by RMAN'' scope=spfile sql statement: alter system reset  db_unique_name scope=spfile Oracle instance shut down connected to auxiliary database (not started) Oracle instance started Total System Global Area    1937457152 bytes Fixed Size                     2254464 bytes Variable Size                536873344 bytes Database Buffers            1392508928 bytes Redo Buffers                   5820416 bytes sql statement: CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE "TESTT" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG    MAXLOGFILES     16   MAXLOGMEMBERS      3   MAXDATAFILES      100   MAXINSTANCES     8   MAXLOGHISTORY      292  LOGFILE   GROUP   1 ( '+DATA/testt/redo01.log' ) SIZE 50 M  REUSE,   GROUP   2 ( '+DATA/testt/redo02.log' ) SIZE 50 M  REUSE,   GROUP   3 ( '+DATA/testt/redo03.log' ) SIZE 50 M  REUSE  DATAFILE   '+DATA/testt/system01.dbf'  CHARACTER SET WE8MSWIN1252 contents of Memory Script: {    set newname for tempfile  1 to   "+DATA/testt/temp01.dbf";    switch clone tempfile all;    catalog clone datafilecopy  "+DATA/testt/sysaux01.dbf",   "+DATA/testt/undotbs01.dbf",   "+DATA/testt/users01.dbf";    switch clone datafile all; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET NEWNAME renamed tempfile 1 to +DATA/testt/temp01.dbf in control file cataloged datafile copy datafile copy file name=+DATA/testt/sysaux01.dbf RECID=1 STAMP=920891427 cataloged datafile copy datafile copy file name=+DATA/testt/undotbs01.dbf RECID=2 STAMP=920891427 cataloged datafile copy datafile copy file name=+DATA/testt/users01.dbf RECID=3 STAMP=920891427 datafile 2 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=920891427 file name=+DATA/testt/sysaux01.dbf datafile 3 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=920891427 file name=+DATA/testt/undotbs01.dbf datafile 4 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=920891427 file name=+DATA/testt/users01.dbf contents of Memory Script: {    Alter clone database open resetlogs; } executing Memory Script database opened Finished Duplicate Db at 26-AUG-16 RMAN> exit

EMC VNX5200 存储安装

存储系统全局拓扑图

系统管理信息

系统	ip	用户名	密码	备注
vnx5200_1	SPA：1.1.1.1 SPB：1.1.1.2	sysadmin	sysadmin	Web管理
vnx5200_2	SPA：1.1.1.1 SPB：1.1.1.2	sysadmin	sysadmin	Web管理
光交	10.77.77.77	admin	password	Web，ssh，telnet

配置光纤交换机

   1.安装jre_1.6.x版本java，将配置本机IP为10.77.77.0网段，通过浏览器登录交换机图形界面或命令行telnet、ssh登录，username：admin Password：password

2.登录后到如下图界面，点击switch admin

3.这时显示wwn和license信息

4.点击new alias创建新的别名

5.在Member Selection list中选择要取别名的端口添加到右边alias Member中（这里给端口设置别名的作用主要是为了方便后期管理，也可以不设置别名）

6.点击new zone创建新的zone，并将前面相应的设置别名的端口添加到zone member中

7.创建new zone config，并将需要启用的zone添加到config member中，然后save config，最后enable config完成配置

这里新建了4个zone，加入到了一个zone config，save config和enable config后完成配置。

一．   VNX5200安装和配置

1.       安装jre_1.6以上版本，本地windows网络连接VNX5200的A控SPA，通过浏览器访问https://1.1.1.1,  username:  sysadmin

             Password： sysadmin

2.选择要配置的存储systems，导航到Storage –>Storage poolsàRaid Groups

创建新的storge pools或raid groups，建议创建storge pools方便后期扩展

a．第一种方法创建raid groups

点击create创建新的Raid Groups：选择RAID types和manual，select相应的磁盘(注意前面4块盘disk0~disk4为存储系统盘，不要动)

create lun

创建第2个lun和第3个lun

b．第2种方法创建storage pools

b1.这里选择EMC建议的4+1块盘创建storage pools

b2. 接下来创建3个600g的lun

3.创建热备盘hot space，这里不需要单独创建hot space，因为vnx5200的默认热备盘策略是将所有未配置的非系统盘设置成hot space，所以这里只需保留一块未设置的disk即可。

4.连接好光纤交换机,存储和服务器之间的线路，配置好光纤交换机，点击initiators刷新，

并注册initiators,这里hostname和ip address是自定义的。

5.创建storage groups，并连接connects luns和connects hosts

成功完成connects luns和connects hosts后状态如下：

6.登录到linux主机，安装powerpath软件，查看是否映射成功

[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/PowerPath stop

Stopping PowerPath:  done

[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/PowerPath start

Starting PowerPath:  done

[root@localhost ~]# powermt display dev=all

Pseudo name=emcpowerc

VNX ID=CETV2141700048 [Storage Group 1]

Logical device ID=600601606FC13800119243678B50E511 [LUN 0]

state=alive; policy=REquest; queued-IOs=0

Owner: default=SP A, current=SP A       Array failover mode: 4

==============================================================================

--------------- Host ---------------   - Stor -  -- I/O Path --   -- Stats ---

###  HW Path               I/O Paths    Interf.  Mode     State   Q-IOs Errors

==============================================================================

   1 lpfc                   sdc         SP A1    active   alive      0      0

   1 lpfc                   sdb         SP B1    active   alive      0      0

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.

Disk /dev/sda: 598.0 GB, 597998698496 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 72702 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x000e6981

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1               1       72703   583983103+  ee  GPT

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 16.9 GB, 16903045120 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2055 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home: 526.7 GB, 526670364672 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 64030 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdb: 644.2 GB, 644245094400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 78325 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdc: 644.2 GB, 644245094400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 78325 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/emcpowerc: 644.2 GB, 644245094400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 78325 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000